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Rezum Water Vapor Therapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Rezum is a minimally invasive, non-implant therapy using radiofrequency-generated water vapor to ablate excess prostate tissue and improve lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Indications

Men with prostate size between 30–80 cc.

No prostate cancer or acute infection.

Men with bothersome urinary symptoms affecting quality of life.

01Procedure Description
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and sedation, using a transurethral approach. Each targeted lobe receives a 9-second injection of water vapor to thermally ablate the tissue. Usually 4–10 injections are administered based on prostate volume. A Foley catheter is left in place postoperatively for 5–14 days to assist healing.
02Expected Benefits

Over 90% of patients report significant symptom relief and improved quality of life. Clinical studies show benefits can last at least 5 years. High preservation of sexual and ejaculatory function; no permanent implant.

03Risks and Side Effects
While generally safe, potential short-term side effects may include:

Hematuria, burning sensation, urgency, frequency. Temporary urinary retention requiring catheter. Mild pelvic or perineal discomfort. Rare infections, transient ejaculatory changes or dysuria. 2–5% may require further surgical intervention.

04Contraindications

Prostate cancer or suspected malignancy. Active urinary infection, urethral stricture, or neurogenic bladder. Prior urethral implants (e.g., artificial sphincter).

05Alternative Options
I understand that other available treatment options include:

Medical therapy (e.g., alpha-blockers, 5ARI). Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Laser-based surgeries. UroLift system or implant-based therapies.

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